AR 600-8-4 governs investigations of Soldier injury, illness, disease, or death and the standards for line of duty determinations.
View AR 600-8-4 on armypubs.army.mil
It addresses informal and formal investigations, evidence collection, appointing and reviewing authorities, appeals, and special circumstances. It requires consideration of all evidence and written notification when a not in line of duty finding is proposed.
A Soldiers injury, illness, disease, or death is presumed to have occurred ILD unless rebutted by the evidence. (paragraph 1-15)
Simple negligence, alone, does not constitute misconduct and is, therefore, still considered to be ILD. (paragraph 1-15)
No distinction will be made between the relative value of direct and indirect evidence. (paragraph 1-15)
The first time a NLD finding is being contemplated against a Soldier in an injury, illness, or disease case, at any level, the individual considering the finding (IO, appointing authority, or approving authority) will notify the Soldier in writing of the proposed NLD finding and provide a copy of any supporting documents before the approval authority makes the official NLD finding. (paragraph 2-61)
Once the initial notification has been made, the Soldier must be given ample time to rebut, normally 30 days, but the time period allowed is at the discretion of the individual providing the notification (IO, appointing authority, or approving authority). (paragraph 2-61)